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<td valign="top">有时一组对象充当一个单元。可以使用聚集关系来对此进行建模，本指南说明如何进行此建模。</td>
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<a href="./../../../rup_bm/workproducts/rup_business_analysis_model_9449F63A.html" guid="{CF53445C-3351-46C6-810E-8251830029A7}">业务分析模型</a>
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<a href="./../../../rup_bm/workproducts/rup_business_design_model_E75F0498.html" guid="_Yi4dsBpWEdqUwb9RAn2tTA">业务设计模型</a>
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<a href="./../../../rup_bm/tasks/bm_uc_analysis_60F4BCAE.html" guid="_T1XJMBpXEdqUwb9RAn2tTA">业务用例分析</a>
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<div class="sectionHeading">Main Description</div>
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<td class="sectionTableSingleCell"><a key="业务对象模型中的聚集（aggregation in business-object model）" text="指南" name="XE_aggregation_in_business-object_model__guidelines_for" id="XE_aggregation_in_business-object_model__guidelines_for" class="index"></a><a id="Top" name="Top"></a> 
<h3>
    <a id="Explanation" name="Explanation">说明</a>
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<p>
    有时，一组人在用例中充当一个单一的单元；或者，更为常见的是，一个现象由其他独立的现象组成。例如，“学校类”由“学生”组成。这样的现象被称为聚集。
</p>
<p>
    对聚集进行建模，在其中为组合现象安排一个单独的类。这样的类含有代表其组成部分的类的聚集。该构建使单个地引用组件和将它们作为单一的单元来处理成为可能。单元类无须具有自己的许多属性。它的基本特征极有可能是不同组件的聚集。
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<p class="exampleheading">
    示例：
</p>
<blockquote>
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        公司董事会由主席、首席执行官和若干所有者代表构成。
    </p>
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    <img height="137" alt="附带文本中描述的图。" src="./../../../rup_bm/guidances/guidelines/resources/baggr1.gif" width="208" />
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    一个聚集类将其他类结合在一起。
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    另请参阅<a class="elementLinkWithType" href="./../../../rup/guidances/guidelines/aggregation_A53E33AB.html" guid="1.1538495077622037E-304">Guideline: 聚集</a>以获取更多一般信息。
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    <a id="Use" name="Use">使用</a>
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    应只在必要时使用聚集；即，在假定两个聚集和聚集的任何组成部分自行运作或有用时，应使用聚集。好的聚集是业务分析模型中自然、依附的一部分 － 应当很容易从环境中理解它的含义。
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    聚集应当只与代表同一种类的现象的类一起使用。例如，使业务实体成为业务工作者的聚集，就毫无意义。
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